1. you need a database to store and index the information.
2. you need an API to access the information.

There are a million ways you could do this; pretty much any database will do, and there are a bunch of options for API’s. OpenSearch (AKA ElasticSearch) might be a good starting point. GraphQL is a powerful API option as well.

Why do you want to disable the password-input-timeout?

It’s typically frowned upon to do “magic” like this.

Your program would have more predictable behavior if you implemented a --global argument to explicitly request the special actions instead.

TL;DR:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install default-jdk

I think using paths relative to ${BASH_SOURCE[0]} is alright.

Otherwise, using ${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config} is pretty standard.